App store, Software marketplace, Digital distribution platform
Apple App Store, Google Play Store, Microsoft Store, Roblox Marketplace, Samsung Galaxy Store, Steam
These platforms serve as critical gatekeepers that can prevent the distribution of harmful applications, particularly stalkerware and surveillance tools. Official store apps show much better safety practices than “sideloading” stores, but some harmful apps circumvent these protections by instructing users to disable security features like Google Play Protect (Maier, 2025).
Maier, E.-M., Tanczer, L. M., & Klausner, L. D. (2025). Surveillance Disguised as Protection: A Comparative Analysis of Sideloaded and In-Store Parental Control Apps. Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies, 2025(2), 107–124. https://doi.org/10.56553/popets-2025-0052